News Articles Archive - Estyn

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Estyn has today published its Chief Inspector’s Annual Report, setting out a clear and detailed overview of education and training in Wales. The report recognises examples of strong practice, while warning that ongoing weaknesses in literacy, teaching quality and leadership, particularly in secondary schools, limit progress for too many learners.

Drawing on inspection evidence from across schools, colleges, training providers and wider education services during 2024–2025, the report finds that although there are many strengths, the system as a whole has not yet worked cohesively enough to secure consistently high-quality teaching and learning.

There are examples of strong practice highlighted throughout the report, including settings embedding purposeful and systematic approaches to reading, providers establishing cultures of professional learning and local authorities effectively developing Welsh-medium specialist provision.

The report highlights long-standing challenges, including inconsistency in leadership and self-evaluation, problems with recruitment, uneven access to high-quality professional learning for teachers, and weaknesses in the development of skills such as reading, mathematics and digital competence.

Owen Evans, Chief Inspector, says,

“This year’s report certainly points to grounds for optimism. Ongoing reform to curriculum, the new School Improvement Programme (SIP), the establishment of Adnodd and Dysgu, and the first fully operational year of Medr – provide opportunities to strengthen coherence across the system.

“We are however, acutely aware of the increasing pressures on providers, including financial, growing numbers of learners educated other than at school and rising demand for specialist provision. The concerns around levels of literacy and teaching quality across Wales remain and without a sharper and more sustained focus in these areas, too many learners will continue to fall short of their potential.”

The HMCI’s annual report looks back at findings from inspection and thematic reports over the last academic year. Following on from the publication of Estyn’s sector summaries in October, February’s full report offers detailed context and provides a much deeper insight into what’s working well and what needs to improve across eighteen education and training sectors in Wales. Schools, non-maintained nursery settings, FE colleges, apprenticeships, initial teacher education, Welsh language immersion arrangements and youth work are among the sectors featured.

The report also evaluates how well providers are tackling some of the specific challenges facing learners in Wales through a series of key themes.

This year’s themes include:

  • Developing the Humanities area of learning and experience (AoLE)
  • Supporting pupils from Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities.
  • Developing learners as independent thinkers
  • The impact of planning for literacy on pupils’ reading, writing, and oracy skills in primary, secondary and all-age schools
  • Developing mathematical understanding and applying numeracy skills across the curriculum   
  • The impact of leadership on teaching

Owen Evans, Chief Inspector continued:

“I would like to thank all settings, providers, staff and learners who continue to demonstrate dedication and commitment despite significant pressures. Estyn remains committed to providing rigorous, constructive and fair independent scrutiny and I hope that this report will provide useful feedback for education and training sectors to support further improvement.

“I’m proud to include the innovation and strong practice we have seen across Wales and am optimistic that we can build on these strong foundations, however decisive action is needed to address systemic weaknesses. We will continue to play our part by highlighting best practice, challenging underperformance and supporting improvement – for learners, for Wales.”

As well as a range of best practice case studies, Estyn’s report is accompanied by a series of podcasts this year which bring together education professionals and learners to discuss some of the challenges and best practice in line with the key themes of work based learning apprenticeships  and developing learners as independent thinkers.

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We recently sought the views of stakeholders as part of our annual independent stakeholder perceptions research. This work aims to help us understand how stakeholders across Wales view our work, who we are, what we do and the impact we have. One of our ambitions is that everyone we interact with understands and values our contribution to the sector and to learners in Wales. 

This is the second year of running this work which includes an open online survey and more in-depth telephone interviews. The findings help us to gain a deeper understanding of the working relationships we have with our stakeholders – to assess our reputation, assess the impact and usefulness of our key reports, publications and campaigns and to understand stakeholders’ preferred methods of communicating and engaging with us. 

Estyn will use the findings to inform ongoing work to improve consistency, reduce apprehension, and strengthen engagement and communications—particularly with staff in non-senior roles. 

Owen Evans, Chief Inspector, says,

It is encouraging that those who have experienced inspections in recent years are reporting more positive views, highlighting the importance of changes introduced under the new inspection framework and our clear focus on professional dialogue and collaboration. 

“This research gives us a valuable and timely insight into how Estyn is perceived by a wide range of stakeholders across Wales. I am particularly pleased that this year we heard from many more middle leaders and staff working outside senior roles, whose voices are essential if we are to understand the full impact of our work.  

“We take these findings seriously. They reinforce the need for us to continue improving consistency, transparency and communication, and to ensure our work is understood not just by senior leaders but by staff at all levels. Reducing unnecessary apprehension, strengthening engagement with middle leaders and teachers, and sharing best practice more effectively will remain key priorities for us. Listening to feedback like this is central to our commitment to learning, improving and building trust across the education system.” 

We will continue to run this exercise annually to enable us to benchmark and measure progress in our work as we listen and respond. 

Read more here: Estyn Stakeholder Perceptions Research 2025

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Following the publication of our recent thematic report, A New Era: How Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Supporting Teaching and Learning, which explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is being used across education in Wales, we are reissuing our survey on the use of AI in schools and pupil referral units (PRUs).

The original survey received a very high response rate, and there has been strong interest in the findings and messages in the published report. This highlighted how engagement with AI by education providers is growing and the urgency of the need for a coordinated, strategic response at all levels within the sector.

The survey was first shared a year ago and provided an engaging snapshot of how schools and PRUs were beginning to explore and use AI, its risks and benefits. By reissuing the questionnaire, we want to understand how things have changed over time and develop a clearer picture of how engagement with AI in education in Wales is evolving, including changes in confidence, practice, opportunities and concerns.

We would welcome responses from colleagues who completed the survey previously, as well as from those who did not. Those who completed the survey last time are encouraged to do so again to reflect how their use and understanding of AI has changed.

The questionnaire is open to anyone working in schools and PRUs in Wales, as well as those who support them, such as local authority officers and other education professionals.

The findings will help shape our ongoing work on AI in education and support a shared understanding of how AI is being used across the system.

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Join us for our Estyn Live webinar at 4:00pm on 12 February 2026 for a discussion around the key findings from HMCI’s annual report, which will be published on 11 February 2026.

Hear directly from Owen Evans HMCI as well as the report authors about what’s going well and what needs to improve across education sectors in Wales.

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Join us for our Estyn Live webinar at 4:00pm on 29 January 2026 for an insight into Estyn’s focus on reading in the primary sector.

From September 2026, Estyn will have an enhanced focus on reading. A panel of Estyn representatives will share what this means for the reading journey in the primary sector.

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A Dysgu event in partnership with Estyn

We are inviting secondary school mathematics teachers and heads of mathematics departments to join us for the Secondary Maths Roadshow, which we will be delivering in partnership with Dysgu.

This event series offers a valuable opportunity to explore evidence-based approaches that support high-quality mathematics teaching, strengthen departmental leadership and enhance learner outcomes. Delegates will gain insights from current research and practice, and take part in sessions designed to inform classroom pedagogy and strategic planning.

Each secondary school may register up to two delegates, with places allocated on a first-come, first-served basis.

The roadshow will include six sessions across three locations:

  • South Wales – Estyn HQ, Anchor Court, Cardiff Monday 23 February 2026
    AM session delivered in English only; PM session delivered bilingually
  • South West Wales – Village Hotel, Swansea Tuesday 24 February 2026
    AM session delivered in English only; PM session delivered bilingually
  • North Wales – Galeri, Caernarfon Thursday 26 February 2026
    Both sessions delivered bilingually

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Join us for our Estyn Live webinar at 4:00pm on 11 December 2025 for a discussion around improving teaching and leadership in mathematics education

The report author, Nicola Thomas HMI will be joined by representatives from Ysgol Cwm Banwy and Bishop of Llandaff High School to share their experiences.

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From September 2026, we will launch a three-year enhanced focus on reading. We know that many learners are not fluent, advanced readers by the time they leave school or further education and want to be part of the solution that breaks this cycle. Our aim is to support every education provider — from non-maintained nursery settings to schools, colleges and adult learning services — to improve literacy levels for all learners in Wales. We will focus our inspection work and develop a range of resources to help drive standards across Wales; to give all learners the best chance to succeed. 

Reading fluently is essential for learning, well-being and life chances and research shows that low literacy is strongly linked to underachievement, poverty and crime. Those with poor literacy are twice as likely to be unemployed, earn on average 60% less, and over half of the adult prison population have reading skills below those of an 11-year-old. We want to ensure that learners are able to make better progress across all areas of the curriculum and have better life chances.

Chief Inspector, Owen Evans said:

“Reading holds the key to so much. There is no foundation more important and whilst there is excellent practice in the teaching of reading across Wales, not all providers focus enough on improving learners’ reading. We want to be part of the solution which will help break the cycle between low literacy and poverty. 

“Through our inspection and engagement visits, we will gain a better understanding of how well providers develop a strong culture of reading and evaluate the effectiveness of the systems supporting learners as they move through different stages of reading development. Our inspectors will consider whether providers use structured, evidence-informed approaches suited to learners’ needs, and with a cross-sector focus on reading, we will identify what’s working well and will share findings to support improvement across the education system. 

“Reading is a lifelong skill that opens doors to future opportunities and through this targeted approach, we aim to better support learners to make progress across all areas of the curriculum and have better life chances.

“A collaborative effort to drive standards in reading is what our learners deserve and we will work with Welsh Government, Welsh local authorities, Dysgu, Adnodd, Care Inspectorate Wales, and Qualifications Wales to ensure our efforts are aligned.”

Cabinet Secretary for Education, Lynne Neagle said:

“Reading is the cornerstone of learning and a fundamental skill that shapes life chances. Improving literacy levels is a top priority and I welcome Estyn’s enhanced focus on reading and their commitment to working collaboratively across the education system to drive up standards. By ensuring every learner in Wales develops strong literacy skills, we’re not just improving educational outcomes — we’re opening doors to employment, tackling inequality and giving our young people the tools they need to thrive. I look forward to seeing the impact it will have on learners across Wales.”

Estyn will continue to develop a programme over the coming months which integrates a clear focus on reading into all inspection and engagement work. This will look slightly different in each sector and will be supported by a comprehensive training programme for all inspection staff ahead of launch in September 2026. In addition to this, Estyn will host a programme of live and virtual events to share best practice with education providers.

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Join us for an Estyn Live webinar at 4:00pm on 27 November 2025 for a discussion around the implementation of international languages within the Curriculum for Wales.

The report author, Matthew Jones HMI will be joined by representatives from Ysgol Pencae, Cardiff and Cowbridge School to share their experiences.

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Estyn has today published its early insights from the Chief Inspector’s Annual Report 2024–25, setting out what’s working well across Welsh education and where improvement is needed. The findings provide an early look at challenges and successes at a national level across eighteen education and training sectors ahead of the full report publication in February 2026.

Estyn’s latest findings gathered from over 400 inspection visits in 2024-25, show that learners’ wellbeing and safeguarding remain strong foundations in Welsh education. Most providers are maintaining positive, inclusive environments where learners feel safe, supported and ready to learn. However, attendance continues to be a persistent issue in many sectors.

The headlines across all sectors underline the importance of high-quality teaching and strong literacy skills in helping learners achieve their potential across the curriculum and in training. A range of strong examples are highlighted however; the report highlights there is still variation in the quality of teaching and the consistency of curriculum delivery across providers.

Effective leadership and robust self-evaluation continue to be the hallmarks of the most successful providers. Leaders who know their schools and settings well, who engage staff in honest reflection and continuous improvement, are making the biggest difference to learners’ experiences and outcomes.

To support providers with improvement in their own settings, the summaries for each sector point towards inspection reports and case studies from providers that were inspected and were found to be doing particularly well.  The report covers a broad range of sectors across education and training sectors, including schools, further education, initial teacher education, local government education services, Welsh language immersion arrangements and education in the justice sector. Together, they provide a national picture of progress, challenges and opportunities across Wales.

Chief Inspector Owen Evans said:

This year’s early insights report highlights the message that high-quality teaching, strong literacy, and effective leadership are vital to sustaining improvement.

“By sharing these sector specific findings now, we want to help providers reflect, learn from strong practice and continue building on what’s working well.”

“My full annual report will be published in February and will offer further insight into our current education and training priorities here in Wales, providing further detail about the findings of our inspections together with an analysis of a number of wider themes including literacy, the impact of leadership on teaching and independent thinking.”  

The early insights report is available to read online, featuring examples of effective practice from across Wales.

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